Gayatri's Kitchen

Bread Sandwich

Ingredients 

1. Bread - 4 slice
2. Ghee - 3 tbsp
3. Onion - 1
4. Tomato - 1/2
5. Green chilly - 1
6. Oil - 3 tbsp
7. Carrot - 1
8. Capsicum - 1
9. Tomato sause - 1/2 tbsp

Directions 

Heat oil,add onion,green chilly.

When onion becomes slightly brown add tomato, carrot, capsicum and salt saute it for 2 - 3 minutes.

Add turmeric powder,chilly powder,tomato sause,saute it  for 2 minutes.Masala is ready.

Now apply ghee / butter on bread and toast it

Put masala and spread evenly on one side of toasted bread

Cover it with other toasted bread.

Yummy bread sandwich is ready :)

Medical News

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News Articles

Courtesy : The Hindu(Tamil) 

Courtesy : The Hindu(Tamil)

Birds

kingfisher

White throat kingfisher

White breasted kingfisher

                                       

• Lovebirds are very affectionate small parrots.Very attractive and colorful.
• Lovebirds are kept as pets and they are easy to maintain.
• The average lifespan of these birds are 10 to 15 years.
• They always remain in pairs and if one dies the other will become sick if kept alone.
• They make chirps in morning and evening.
• Small cage is enough for these birds and breeding is very easy.
•  You must keep pot inside, mating will follow.
• After mating, the process of laying eggs will start 3 to 5 days later.
• Small pot must be kept inside, female bird lay eggs in that pot.The eggs are hatched(23 days) in the pot itself.
• Even without a nest, lovebirds lay eggs.
• They lay 6 to 7 eggs in one cycle.
• These birds feed their younger ones until they start to fly.
• They eat vegetables,fruits,grass and seeds.

Cockatiels :

Cockatiel

Cockateils are small parrots which is originated in Australia.
The average lifespan of these birds are 15 to 20 years.
Cockatiels  are household pets and they have been spread all over the world.
They are found in pairs or as small flocks.
After hatching it takes six to nine months to attain sexual maturity.
Its difficult to differentiate male and female in cockatiels.
Cockatiels need pot or nest to hatch egg.
Female cockatiels lay eggs after mating,even without mating they lay eggs which is unfertilized.
They take care of younger ones until they learn to fly.

Spicy Chapati Noodles

Spicy Chapati noodles :

Ingredients:

• Onion - 1 (big size),cut into long strips
• Tomato - 1 (medium size),cut into long strips
• Capsicum - 1 (medium size),cut into long strips
• Green chilly -2
• Chilly powder - 1 tsp
• Sambar powder - 2 tsp
• Garam masala - 1 tsp
• 3 leftover Chapatis  , cut into long strips
• Lemon - 1(to Squeeze)
• Coriander leaves
• Salt to taste

  Procedure

Chapati(long strips), chilly powder, garam masala & sambar powder

Onion, Green chilly, Tomato & capsicum

Coriander leaves & lemon

• Make chapati dough.
• Heat the pan and fry the chapati until it gets soft.
• Now.take one or two chapati & roll it. cut into long strips.keep it aside.
• In a pan heat 3 tbsp oil,add mustard seeds when it splutters add onion.
• When onion is half cooked add capsicum.
• When capsicum is half cooked add tomato and salt.
• After 1 min add garam masala,chilly powder,sambar powder and cook for 1 min.Now add noodle shape chapati cook for 1 min
• Add coriander leaves and squeeze half (small size)lemon to it and serve hot..

Spicy Chapati Noodles

Renault Duster

Renault Duster Colours

These colors are available with all variants of Renault Duster :

                                                                                                                                                                         

 

Renault Duster Price List

 

  

   Renault Duster Petrol Models

1.Renault Duster Petrol RxL

Renault Duster Petrol RxL

Renault Duster Petrol RxL

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Renault Duster Petrol RxL General Features

1. Ex-showroom Price (Delhi Rs.) - 8,49,000
2. Transmission Type  - Manual
3. Engine Description - 1.6-litre 100.6bhp petrol
4. Engine Displacement(cc )- 1598
5. Maximum Power - 100.6bhp@5850rpm
6. Maximum Torque - 145Nm@3750rpm
7. Mileage-City(kmpl) - 10.5
8. Mileage-Highway(kmpl) - 13.24
9. Fuel Type - Petrol
10. Fuel Tank Capacity(litres) - 50
11. Seating Capacity - 5

• Renault Duster Petrol RxL Standard Features

1. Air Conditioner - Yes
2. CD Player - Yes
3. Anti-Lock Braking System - No
   
4. Power Steering - Yes
5. Power Windows - Yes
6. Leather Seats - No
7. Central Locking - Yes

 

Renault Duster Petrol RxE

2. Renault Duster Petrol RxE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Renault Duster Petrol RxE General Features

1. Ex-showroom Price (Delhi Rs.) - 7,49,000
2. Transmission Type - Manual
3. Engine Description - 1.6-litre 100.6bhp petrol
4. Engine Displacement(cc) -1598
5. Maximum Power - 100.6bhp@5850rpm
6. Maximum Torque - 145Nm@3750rpm
7. Mileage-City(kmpl) - 10.5
8. Mileage-Highway(kmpl) - 13.24
9. Fuel Type - Petrol
10. Fuel Tank Capacity(litres) - 50
11. Seating Capacity - 5

 

• 
  
  

  Renault Duster Petrol RxE

   

  Renault Duster Petrol RxE Standard Features

1. Air Conditioner - Yes
2. CD Player - No
3. Anti-Lock Braking System - No
   
4. Power Steering - Yes
5. Power Windows - Yes
6. Leather Seats - No
7. Central Locking - Yes

   

 

Renault Duster Diesel Models 

 

 

 

  1.Renault Duster 85PS Diesel RxL

• Renault Duster 85PS Diesel RxL General Features

1. Ex-showroom Price (Delhi Rs.) - 9,39,000
2. Transmission Type - Manual
3. Engine Description - 1.5-litre Diesel Turbocharge 4 cylinder engine
4. Engine Displacement(cc) - 1461
5. Maximum Power - 83.8bhp@3750rpm
6. 
   Maximum Torque - 200Nm@1900rpm
7. Mileage-City(kmpl) - 18.0
8. Mileage-Highway(kmpl) - 20.46
9. Fuel Type - Diesel
10. Fuel Tank Capacity(litres) - 50
11. Seating Capacity - 5

• Renault Duster 85PS Diesel RxL Standard Features

  1. Air Conditioner - Yes
  2. CD Player - Yes
  3. 
     Anti-Lock Braking System - Optional
  4. Power Steering - Yes
  5. Power Windows - Yes
  6. Leather Seats - No
  7. Central Locking - Yes

  
  
  
  
  
  

  2.Renault Duster 85PS Diesel RxE

  

  Renault Duster 85PS Diesel RxE

  Renault Duster 85PS Diesel RxE General Features

  1. Ex-showroom Price (Delhi Rs.)- 8,39,000
  2. Transmission Type - Manual
  3. Engine Description - 1.5-litre Diesel Turbocharge 4 cylinder engine
  4. Engine Displacement(cc) - 1461
  5. Maximum Power - 83.8bhp@3750rpm
  6. Maximum Torque -200Nm@1900rpm
  7. Mileage-City(kmpl) - 18.0
  8. Mileage-Highway(kmpl) - 20.46
  9. Fuel Type - Diesel
  10. Fuel Tank Capacity(litres) - 50
  11. Seating Capacity - 5

  
  

  • Renault Duster 85PS Diesel RxE Standard Features

  1. Air Conditioner - Yes
  2. CD Player - No
  3. Anti-Lock Braking System - No
     
  4. Power Steering - Yes
  5. Power Windows - Yes
  6. Leather Seats - No
  7. Central Locking - Yes

   

  3.Renault Duster 110PS Diesel RxL

  • 

    Renault Duster 110PS Diesel RxL

    Renault Duster 110PS Diesel RxL General Features

  1. Ex-showroom Price (Delhi Rs.) - 10,39,000
  2. Transmission Type - Manual
  3. Engine Description - 1.5-litre Diesel Turocharge 4 cylinder enginr
  4. Engine Displacement(cc) - 1461
  5. Maximum Power - 108.4bhp@3900rpm
  6. Maximum Torque - 248Nm@2250rpm
  7. Mileage-City(kmpl) - 16.8
  8. Mileage-Highway(kmpl) - 19.01
  9. Fuel Type - Diesel
  10. Fuel Tank Capacity(litres) - 50
  11. Seating Capacity - 5

  
  

  • Renault Duster 110PS Diesel RxL Standard Features

  1. 
     Air Conditioner - Yes
  2. CD Player - Yes
  3. Anti-Lock Braking System - No
     
  4. Power Steering - Yes
  5. Power Windows - Yes
  6. Leather Seats - No
  7. Central Locking - Yes

  
  

   

   

   

   

  4.Renault Duster 110PS Diesel RxZ

  

  Renault Duster 110PS Diesel RxZ

  Renault Duster 110PS Diesel RxZ General Features

  1. Ex-showroom Price (Delhi Rs.) - 11,39,000
  2. Transmission Type - Manual
  3. Engine Description - 1.5-litre Diesel Turbocharge 4 cylinder engine
  4. Engine Displacement(cc) - 1461
  5. Maximum Power - 108.4bhp@3900rpm
  6. Maximum Torque - 248Nm@2250rpm
  7. Mileage-City(kmpl) - 16.8
  8. Mileage-Highway(kmpl) - 19.01
  9. Fuel Type - Diesel
  10. Fuel Tank Capacity(litres) - 50
  11. Seating Capacity - 5

  • Renault Duster 110PS Diesel RxZ Standard Features

  1. 
     Air Conditioner - Yes 
  2. CD Player - Yes
  3. Anti-Lock Braking System - Yes
     
  4. Power Steering - Yes
  5. Power Windows - Yes
  6. Leather Seats - Optional
  7. Central Locking - Yes

   

   

   

   

  5.Renault Duster 85PS Diesel RxL Pack 

  

  Renault Duster 85PS Diesel RxL Pack

  Renault Duster 85PS Diesel RxL Pack General Features

  1. Ex-showroom Price (Delhi Rs.) - 10,39,000
  2. Transmission Type - Manual
  3. Engine Description - 1.5-litre Diesel Turbocharge 4 cylinder engine
  4. Engine Displacement(cc) - 1461
  5. Maximum Power - 83.8bhp@3750rpm
  6. Maximum Torque - 200Nm@1900rpm
  7. Mileage-City(kmpl) - 18.0
  8. Mileage-Highway(kmpl) - 20.46
  9. Fuel Type - Diesel
  10. Fuel Tank Capacity(litres) - 50
  11. Seating Capacity - 5

  • Renault Duster 85PS Diesel RxL Pack Standard Features

  1. 
     Air Conditioner - Yes 
  2. CD Player - Yes
  3. Anti-Lock Braking System - Yes
     
  4. Power Steering - Yes
  5. Power Windows - Yes
  6. Leather Seats -No
  7. Central Locking - Yes

   

   

   

   

  6.Renault Duster 110PS Diesel RxZ Pack 

   

  

  Renault Duster 110PS Diesel RxZ Pack

  Renault Duster 110PS Diesel RxZ Pack General Features

  
  

  1. Ex-showroom Price (Delhi Rs.) - 11,69,000
  2. Transmission Type - Manual
  3. Engine Description - 1.5-litre Diesel Turbocharge 4 cylinder engine
  4. Engine Displacement(cc) - 1461
  5. Maximum Power - 108.4bhp@3900rpm
  6. Maximum Torque - 248Nm@2250rpm
  7. Mileage-City(kmpl) - 16.8
  8. Mileage-Highway(kmpl) - 19.01
  9. Fuel Type - Diesel
  10. Fuel Tank Capacity(litres) - 50
  11. Seating Capacity - 5

  
  
  Renault Duster 110PS Diesel RxZ Pack Standard Features

  
  
  

  1. Air Conditioner - Yes
  2. CD Player - Yes
  3. Anti-Lock Braking System - Yes
     
  4. Power Steering - Yes
  5. Power Windows - Yes
  6. Leather Seats - Optional
  7. Central Locking - Yes                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

     7.Renault Duster 4x4

   

  • Renault Duster 4x4 General Features

    1. Ex-showroom Price (Delhi Rs.) - 12,00,000
    2. Transmission Type - Manual
    3. Engine Description - 1.5-litre 108.5bhp 4Cylinder K9K Diesel Engine
    4. Engine Displacement(cc) - 1461
    5. Maximum Power - 108.5bhp@3900rpm
    6. Maximum Torque - 248Nm@2250rpm
    7. Mileage-City(kmpl) - 16.8
    8. Mileage-Highway(kmpl) - 19.01
    9. Fuel Type - Diesel
    10. Fuel Tank Capacity(litres) - 50
    11. Seating Capacity - 5

     

   

   

Cichlids

Cichlids

• Cichlids are fish from family Cichlidae.

• Minimum of 1,650 species are found making it a largest vertebrate family.

Boulengerochromis Cichlids

Apistogramma Cichlids

• Species ranges from 2,000 to 3,000 and some are undescribed.
• Some of the most well known cichlid species are Angelfish, Oscar, Jack Dempsey and Discus.
• Cichlids are categorized as "secondary freshwater fish" - meaning their ancestors were marine fish.
• Cichlids live in fresh and brackish water and found mainly in Asia,Africa and America.
• Cichlids have teeth in both the upper and the lower jaw – and in the throat!
• The cichlids are also equipped with no more than one nostril except the damselfish.
• Generally fish species have small intestines that leave the stomach from the right side, but with the cichlid species the small intestine leaves the body at the left side.
• Body size of a cichlids ranges from 2.5 centimeter to 1 meter.
• Body shape of species ranging from strongly laterally to cylindrical and highly elongate.
• Many cichlids are primarly herbivores feeding on algae.
• Tilapia, a fast growing cichlid native to the African continent, is one of the most well known cichlids in the kitchen.
•  The smallest cichlids, such as Apistogramma cichlids will not grow more than 3 centimeters.
• The largest cichlids, e.g. Boulengerochromis cichlids, can grow more than one metre.

Blood red parrot cichlid in my tank

Pairing:

Several different types of bonds are formed between male and female cichlids.These include

1. Monogamy - Even after spawning male and female remain together.
2. Polygyny - The male stays together with several females.
3. Polyandry - The female stays together with several males.
4. Agamy - The male and female separate right after spawning,they won't remain together after spawning.

Electric Blue Johanni

Brood Care :

Cichlids take care of their young in several different ways :

Nuclear or Parental Family :Both parents equally share the duties of caring for the young ones.
Matriarch Family : The female takes care of eggs and the fry and there is no bond between the pair,In this the female is an ovophile mouthbrooder.
Patriarch Family : The male takes care of the eggs and the fry and no bond is formed between the parents.
Extended Family : The parents as well as the offspring of previous spawning takes care of the young.

Electric yellow cichlid

Breeding :

Cichlids are characterized into two breeding groups :

1. Open brooders
2. Shelter brooders

Open Brooders : These type lays eggs on the open surface such as rocks,sand and plants.In one lay there may be 10,000 eggs and the eggs are of small size and they clump together.Sexual dimorphism and dichromatism is evident.

Examples are Pterophyllum,Symphysodon.

Shelter Brooders : These type lay less number of eggs not more than 300 and some eggs are colorful.These fish are easier to sex because males are larger and more colorful.

They are in turn divided into two types:

1. Cavity Brooders
2. Mouth Brooders

Cavity Brooders : These type lays eggs in caves,the parents participate in brood care and become angry towards other fish while caring for the eggs and the fry.

Examples : Apistogramma, Julidochromis, Neolamprologus and Pelvicachromis.

Mouth Brooders : are fish that will take their eggs or the fry into their mouths and they are divided into two categories,

1. Ovophile or "egg-loving" mouth-brooders.
2. Larvophile or "larvae-loving" mouth-brooders.

Categories :

Aquarists commonly divide the popular aquarium species into three main groups:

1. American cichlids,
2. African cichlids and
3. Asian cichlids.

The American cichlids is often divided into four sub-categories:

1.  Large cichlids (e.g. Eartheaters and Heroines),
2.  Convict cichlids,
3.  Dwarf cichlids and
4.  Other cichlids(example : Angelfish and Discus).

 The African cichlids are

 Rift Valley cichlids in turn divided into:

1.    Lake Malawi,
2.    Lake Tanganyika cichlids,
3.    Lake Victoria cichlids,
4.    Lake Rudolph cichlids.
5.  Tilapias and
6.  Other African cichlids.